Essay on Plant Pathology (1104 Words).
Most of the plant-pathogenic nematodes (referred to sim-ply as nematodes from here) feed on plant roots, although some less common ones feed in various aboveground plant parts. The root-feeding nematodes are either ectoparasites (Figure 15.4), which feed from outside the root, or endoparasites (Figure 15.5), which feed from inside the root.
Nematodes, primarily endoparasites, interact with other plant pathogens to form disease complexes. Lesion nematodes interact with Verticillium dahliae in potato (Verticillium wilt or Potato Early Dying) and also contribute to invasion by root-infecting fungi in many crops (such as apple replant disease and black root rot complex in strawberry).
Eradication of plant pathogens and nematodes during composting Temperature-time effects and other sanitising factors of composting on 60 plant pathogen and nematode species have been reviewed. For all of the bacterial plant pathogens and nematodes, the majority of fungal.
The nematodes also exacerbate the deleterious effects of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Root-knot nematodes are associated mainly with light soils but most damage is caused under glass, particularly in hot conditions where certain tropical and subtropical species, e.g. the Javanese root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica), have become established.
SA is synthesized by plants in response to challenge by a diverse range of plant pathogens and is essential to the establishment of both local and systemic-acquired resistance as its application induces accumulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and mutations leading to either reduced SA production or impaired SA perception enhance susceptibility to avirulent and virulent pathogens.
The current methods on controlling herbivorous insects and plant parasitic nematodes are mostly depended on agro-chemicals that have resulted additional side-effect including occurrence of.
Plant Pathogens and Pests Plants, being immobile, are unable to escape pests (herbivores) that eat them, or microorganisms (pathogens) that cause plant diseases. On a global basis, it is estimated that plant diseases annually cause an 11 to 16 percent reduction in the value of rice, wheat, corn, and potato harvests. Additional losses to these major food crops as a result of pests (primarily.